Martin Zarba, MD, Instituto Alexander Fleming, Buenos Aires, Argentina, outlines the treatment options for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the third-line setting and beyond. While rechallenge with cabozantinib may be considered in select cases, most patients transition to alternative tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like lenvatinib or axitinib. Other options include everolimus, and belzutifan, a hypoxia-inducible factor-2 (HIF-2) alpha inhibitor that has shown superiority over everolimus in the LITESPARK-005 trial (NCT04195750). This interview took place at the ASCO GU Cancers Symposium 2025 in San Francisco, CA.
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