Javier Cortés, MD, PhD, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain, discusses the results from two key trials presented at ESMO: TULIP (NCT03262935) and KEYNOTE-355 (NCT02819518). TULIP evaluates the efficacy of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), trastuzumab duocarmazine versus the physician’s drug choice. Whilst the primary endpoint was met, with a progression-free survival (PFS) of 7 months for patients treated with trastuzumab duocarmazine, in comparison to 4.9 months for patients treated with the physician’s drug choice, 78% of patients experienced high-grade toxicity. Moreover, the KEYNOTE-355 study compared first-line treatment with chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy plus placebo in patients with triple-negative breast cancer and demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in PFS and overall survival (OS) for patients treated with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy. These results support the use of this combination therapy for PD-L1-positive patients with triple-negative breast cancer. This interview took place at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2021 congress.