Kenneth O’Byrne, MD, MB, BCh, BAO, Princess Alexandra Hospital & Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia, talks on the role of the tumor microenvironment in lung cancer and touches on nanostring technology that allows for the in-depth investigation of this important aspect of cancer disease biology. This interview took place at the 18th British Thoracic Oncology Group (BTOG) 2020 congress held in Dublin, UK.