Robin Cornelissen, MD, PhD, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands, comments on current developments in the field of non-small cell lung cancer treatment, including neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy prior to surgery, as well as multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that are able to modulate the tumor microenvironment. This interview took place at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2021 congress.