Dirk Schadendorf, MD, from the West German Cancer Centre, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany, discusses whether targeted therapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors represent the best treatment for melanoma, and the factors which need to be considered when making this decision. As detailed by Prof. Schadendorf, there is no current evidence to suggest which form of therapy is better or should be administered before the other and he states that this will take years to determine. This interview was filmed at the American Society of Oncology (ASCO) 2017 Annual Meeting in Chicago, IL.