In this video, Mette Kalager, MD, PhD, from the University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, discusses the need for carrying out learning screening programs. The close link between screening benefits and harms are reflected upon, to highlight the importance of learning screening for cancer prevention. Dr Kalager also discusses the next steps for cancer screening, while describing the sensitivity of the benefit to harm ratio in screening methods. This video was recorded at the 2018 National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Cancer Conference, held in Glasgow, UK.