Jay Lee, MD, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, describes when patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) will benefit from targeted therapies more than immunotherapy. Whilst the Phase III IMpower010 trial (NCT02486718) has demonstrated the efficacy of neoadjuvant atezolizumab plus chemotherapy, patients with driver mutations, which can be targeted with approved treatments, will benefit more from target therapies, especially in earlier stages. For patients with EFGR-mutant NSCLC, results from the Phase III ADAURA trial (NCT02511106) have shown osimertinib to be a promising therapy. This interview took place at the 2022 Targeted Therapies of Lung Cancer Meeting (TTLC 2022).