Pavlos Msaouel, MD, PhD, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, outlines the results of a meta-analysis investigating the long-term survival outcomes of cytoreductive nephrectomy combined with targeted therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The study used reconstructed individual patient data to compare the outcomes of mRCC patients treated with cytoreductive nephrectomy plus targeted therapy versus targeted therapy alone. 15 studies were included in the analysis, comprising data from 3,990 patients. The results showed that the combination of cytoreductive nephrectomy and targeted therapy for mRCC was associated with superior long-term survival outcomes compared to targeted therapy alone. This interview took place during the 2021 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium.