Brendon Stiles, MD, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, discusses the concept of major pathologic response as a surrogate endpoint for neoadjuvant trials, highlighting the differences in response between neoadjuvant targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and suggests that pathologic complete response may be a more suitable surrogate endpoint for the latter. Dr Stiles notes that for patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), alternative endpoints such as resectability, tumor downstaging, and ability to achieve local therapy without harm may be more relevant. This interview took place at the 2026 European Lung Cancer Congress in Copenhagen Denmark.
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