Marina Garassino, MD, of the National Cancer Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy, talks about the challenge in the lack of clarity in how to select patients with lung cancer for the most effective treatment. Nevertheless, Dr Garassino does suggest her most appropriate approach for selecting PDL-1 patients, which is to administer combination therapy, considering that this group of patients would have a big burden of the disease and need to immediately shrink the tumor. Dr Garassino also highlights an ongoing trial (CHECKMATE-227), which could yield interesting survival data for the combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. This interview was recorded at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2018 Congress, in Munich, Germany.