Patients with pancreatic cancer suffer from poor prognosis due to difficulties surrounding early diagnosis. Alfredo Carrato, MD, PhD, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain, discusses the significance of diagnosing pancreatic cancer in the early stages to increase the benefit of surgery and improve patient outcome. Prof. Alfredo additionally talks on manipulating the microbiome as a means of treating the tumor due to the microbiomes ability to condition tumor progression and immune response to treatment. This interview took place at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2022 Annual Meeting in Chicago, IL.