Gaia Griguolo, MD, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, examines the changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) from primary breast cancer to brain metastases using multiplex immunofluorescence. The study identifies a more immunosuppressive TIME in brain metastases, characterized by reduced lymphocytic and cytotoxic cell infiltration, increased immunosuppressive markers, and higher macrophagic infiltration. These findings suggest that breast cancer brain metastases have an immunosuppressed phenotype, potentially guiding future immunotherapeutic strategies. This interview took place during the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Meeting in Chicago, IL.
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