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PRIMO 2025 | The neoadjuvant revolution: advancing cancer treatment with immunotherapy in a multimodal approach

Merrick Ross, MD, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, discusses the role of multimodality therapy in cancer treatment, focusing on the evolving use of neoadjuvant approaches. He explains the different models of integrating systemic therapy with surgery—adjuvant (post-surgery), neoadjuvant (pre-surgery), and perioperative (both pre- and post-surgery)—highlighting how immunotherapy has revolutionized this treatment paradigm. Dr. Ross describes how immunotherapy, unlike chemotherapy, is more effective when given before surgery, as it primes the immune system and enhances long-term patient outcomes. He also explores the potential for optimizing complete pathologic response rates, reducing toxicity, and refining biomarker-driven treatment strategies. This interview took place at the PRIMO 2025 congress in Houston, TX.

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