Umair Mahmood, BSc, MSc, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK, discusses promising developments in identifying biomarkers linked to immune checkpoint inhibitor toxicity when treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). He highlights the role of inflammatory interleukin-6 cytokines and chemokines, as well as reduced anti-inflammatory cytokines, in influencing patient outcomes. A key takeaway from recent data is the potential predictive value of a reduced baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio—a finding seen in previous studies but still requiring validation. These insights may help stratify high-risk patients and personalize treatment strategies in the future. This interview took place at the European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC) 2025 in Paris, France.
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