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ESMO 2025 | 5-year follow-up of CheckMate 648: NIVO plus chemo or IPI vs chemo as 1L treatment for advanced ESCC
Ian Chau, MD, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK, discusses the 5-year follow-up results from the Phase III CheckMate 648 trial (NCT03143153), which compared nivolumab plus chemotherapy or ipilimumab versus chemotherapy alone as first-line treatment for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), highlighting that nearly one in eight patients treated with chemotherapy plus nivolumab and one in six patients treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab are alive at five years. Prof. Chau notes that the durable response observed with nivolumab plus ipilimumab, with nearly one in five patients experiencing a response for over five years, is a key factor driving the enhanced long-term overall survival (OS). This interview took place at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2025 Congress in Berlin, Germany.
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Transcript
So CheckMate 648 is a global randomized controlled trial looking at recurrence of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. 970 patients were randomized into either chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus nivolumab or nivolumab plus ipilimumab and the most important observation at five years is that for chemotherapy plus nivolumab now we can say to our patients around one in eight patients are alive at five years so they are almost like cured because they are very long-term survivors but for ipilimumab plus nivolumab, that was even higher...
So CheckMate 648 is a global randomized controlled trial looking at recurrence of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. 970 patients were randomized into either chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus nivolumab or nivolumab plus ipilimumab and the most important observation at five years is that for chemotherapy plus nivolumab now we can say to our patients around one in eight patients are alive at five years so they are almost like cured because they are very long-term survivors but for ipilimumab plus nivolumab, that was even higher. So one in six patients are now alive at five years. And I think one of the main factors that drove the enhanced long-term overall survival for the ipilimumab and nivolumab is the very durable response. So we observe nearly one in five patients have a response for over five years. So once you achieve the response, they are very, very long term for ipilimumab and nivolumab. So it really supports the continuing use of first-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy or nivolumab plus ipilimumab for patients with metastatic squamous cell Esophageal Cancer.
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