Andrea Filippi, MD, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy explores the evolving role of combining stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with immunotherapy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in patients who are elderly, frail, or unsuitable for surgery or chemotherapy. He highlights the rationale behind this approach, where it can reduce the risk of distant relapse where SBRT alone may be insufficient. However, key challenges include competing risks from non-cancer-related mortality, small tumour sizes already effectively treated with SBRT alone, and the prolonged immunotherapy maintenance. He emphasizes the need for larger, adequately powered trials to better identify patients who may benefit most. Notably, he refers to a study using a four-cycle immunotherapy regimen as particularly promising and potentially more feasible in this vulnerable population. This interview took place at the European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC) 2025 in Paris, France.
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